1. Introduction
2. European Transformations
3. Tradition and Change in the Jewish Community
4. Moses Mendelssohn and the Jewish Enlightenment
5. Political Emancipation
6. Partial Retreat from Emancipation
7. The "Science of Judaism"
8. Origins of Reform Judaism
9. The Jews and the Tsars Through 1880, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4
10. Date: 1881, Page 2, Page 3
11. Reactions to 1881, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4
12. Politicalization of the Jews, Page 2, Page 3, Page 4
13. Bread Givers

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